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2 part Trad Hornpipe
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Setting Guards Book 2, with added dot/cuts bar 4 each part
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The Ottoman penetration into Europe in the 1350s and their capture of Constantinople later in 1453 opened new floodgates for slave-trade from the European front. In their last attempt to overrun Europe in 1683, the Ottoman army, although defeated, returned from the Gates of Vienna with 80,000 captives.874 An immense number of slaves flowed from the Crimea, the Balkans and the steppes of West Asia to Islamic markets. BD Davis laments that the ‘‘Tartars and other Black Sea peoples had sold millions of Ukrainians, Georgians, Circassians, Greeks, Armenians, Bulgarians, Slavs and Turks,’’ which received little notice.875 Crimean Tatars enslaved and sold some 1,750,000 Ukrainians, Poles and Russian between 1468 and 1694. 876 According to another estimate, between 1450 and 1700, the Crimean Tatars exported some 10,000 slaves, including some Circassians, annually—that is, some 2,500,000 slaves in all, to the Ottoman Empire.877 The Tatar slave-raiding Khans returned with 18,000 slaves from Poland (1463), 100,000 from Lvov (1498), 60,000 from South Russia (1515), 50,000–100,000 from Galicia (1516), during the ‘harvesting of the steppe.’ Numbers from Moscow (1521), 800,000 were taken and from Valynia (1676), 400,000 were taken. 800,000 from Moscow (1521), 200,000 from South Russia (1555), 100,000 from Moscow (1571), 50,000 from Poland (1612), 60,000 from South Russia (1646), 100,000 from Poland (1648), 300,000 from Ukraine (1654), 400,000 from Valynia (1676) and thousands from Poland (1694). Besides these major catches, they made countless more Jihad raids during the same period, which yielded a few to tens of thousands of slaves.878 These figures of enslavement must be considered in the context that the population of the Tatar Khanate was only about 400,000 at the time. (1463-1694) while sources are incomplete, conservative tabulation of the slave raids against the Eastern European population indicate that at least 7 Million European people-men, women, children were enslaved by Muslims.
Sources suggest that in the few years between 1436-1442, some 500,000 people were seized in the Balkans. Many of the captives died in forced marches towards Anatolia (Turkey). Contemporary chronicles note that the Ottomans reduced masses of the inhabitants of Greece, Romania, and the Balkans to slavery eg from Moree (1460)-70,000 and Transylvania (1438) - 60,000-70,000 and 300,000-600,000 from Hungary and 10,000 from Mytilene/Mitilini on Lesbos island (1462) (Bulgaru p 567) and so it continued.
Barbary Slavery
Ohio State University history Professor Robert Davis describes the White Slave Trade as minimized by most modern historians in his book Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500–1800 (Palgrave Macmillan). Davis estimates that 1 million to 1.25 million white Christian Europeans were enslaved in North Africa, from the beginning of the 16th century to the middle of the 18th, by slave traders from Tunis, Algiers, and Tripoli alone (these numbers do not include the European people which were enslaved by Morocco and by other raiders and traders of the Mediterranean Sea coast), 16th- and 17th-century customs statistics suggest that Istanbul's additional slave import from the Black Sea may have totaled around 2.5 million from 1450 to 1700. The markets declined after the loss of the Barbary Wars and finally ended in the 1830s, when the region was conquered by France.
In 1544, the island of Ischia off Naples was ransacked, taking 4,000 inhabitants prisoners, while some 9,000 inhabitants of Lipari Island off the north coast of Sicily were enslaved.870 Turgut Reis, a Turkish pirate chief, ransacked the coastal settlements of Granada (Spain) in 1663 and carried away 4,000 people as slaves.
The barbaric slave-raiding activities of the Muslim pirates had a telling effect on Europe. France, England, and Spain lost thousands of ships, devastating to their sea-borne trade. Long stretches of the coast in Spain and Italy were almost completely abandoned by their inhabitants until the nineteenth century. The finishing industry was virtually devastated.
Paul Baepler’s White Slaves, African Masters: An Anthology of American Barbary Captivity Narratives lists a collection of essays by nine American captives held in North Africa. According to his book, there were more than 20,000 white Christian slaves by 1620 in Algiers alone; their number swelled to more than 30,000 men and 2,000 women by the 1630s. There were a minimum of 25,000 white slaves at any time in Sultan Moulay Ismail’s palace, records Ahmed ez-Zayyani; Algiers maintained a population of 25,000 white slaves between 1550 and 1730, and their numbers could double at certain times. During the same period, Tunis and Tripoli each maintained a white slave population of about 7,500. The Barbary pirates enslaved some 5,000 Europeans annually over a period of nearly three centuries.
Adyghe Quazexer (the Circassian villages ) song by seuez rosa
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Adyghe folk song, a ritual song recorded in 1972. Surveying the music of the Caucasus, www.KuzinTheCaucasus.wordpress.com
Shocking video shows a car slamming through a children's birthday party in Michigan. An 8-year-old and her 4-year-old brother both lost their lives in the tragedy. The distressing video was played in court during a preliminary hearing for Marshella Chidester. Police say she told them she had one glass of wine 30 minutes before she drove into the party. She also claimed she suffered a seizure. The 66-year-old woman has pleaded not guilty.
ABDZAKH - Don't mispronounce Abdzakh anymore in 2023
Abdzakh is a language spoken by the Abazin people, who are predominantly located in the Republic of Abkhazia, as well as in the Adygea, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, and Krasnodar Krai regions of Russia.
It belongs to the Abazgi-Adyghe branch of the Northwest Caucasian language family.
The Abdzakh language has approximately 1,500 speakers and is currently considered endangered.
It is known for its complex grammatical structure and unique phonological features.
Pronunciation:
The pronunciation of 'Abdzakh' is abd-ZAKH, with stress on the second syllable.
Alternative variants include abd-ZAAKH or abd-ZAAKH-ee.
Test yourself by speaking the following examples:
1. The Abdzakh language is fascinating due to its complex grammatical structure
2. Many Abdzakh speakers reside in the Republic of Abkhazia
3. Linguists have been studying the phonological features of Abdzakh
Last updated: September, 2023
“State Anthem of Circassia” - National Anthem of the Republic of Circassia
Plot: After the Russian Civil War of 2034 and the effects of the Great War, the Republic of Circassia was formed, uniting a the circassians under a flag and sovereign state for the first time in centuries.
Government:
Democratic Republic (2034-2040)(2058-2106)
Democratic Republic Dictatorship (2040-2058)
Ideology:
Democracy (2034-2040)(2058-2103)
Militarism (2040-2058)
Anthem: State anthem of Circassia
Lyrics:
Тихэгъэгу кlасэу тигупсэр
Адыгэ чlыгушъ, терэl.
Зы бын-унагъоу лъэпкъыбэр
Щызэгурыlоу щэрэl.
Жъыу:
Шlум факlу, лъыкlуат,
Республикэу тиунэ дах.
Егъэхъу, зыlат,
𝄆 Республикэу тигугъэ лъаг –
Уилъэпкъы хъишъэр фэlуат. 𝄇
II
Дунаим ичlыпlэ шlагъор
Нахьыжъмэ тэ къытфыхах,
Ахэмэ ялlыгъэ-шlагъэ
Лlэшlэгъумэ къызэlэпах.
Жъыу
III
Хьазабмэ уахэмытыжьэу
Уитыгъэ нэфи ушъхьащыт.
Россием зыкlэ ущыщэу
Ащ гукlи ущышъхьафит.
Жъыу
IV
Тэ тыщыlэфэ – егъашlэмъ –
Тичlыгоу тыгур щlэщт.
Тиуашъуи, тыгъи бэгъашlэ
Тфэхъоу тикlасэу тиlэщт
The whole world is in a state of panic after hearing ISRO's amazing plan for Chandrayaan 4! Parts of Chandrayan-4 will not be sent in one launch but in two launches! And those parts will be joined later in space. And if this happens, India will become the first country in the world to do so and will create history even before landing on the moon! Now this is being done because the carrying capacity of Chandrayan-4 is going to be more than the capacity of ISRO's most powerful rocket at present. The special thing about this mission is that ISRO is preparing the lander and Japan is making the rover module, that is, this is a joint mission of ISRO and Japan's JAXA. This mission is set to be carried out by 2026. And if this mission of landing on the moon is successful, then India will become the second country in the world after China to do so! The main goal of Chandrayan-4 is to bring samples from the moon. But what do you think, will ISRO be successful in this?
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Please Note :- Some of the pics and footages are not real and not related to content and only used for related visualization purposes. Please do not relate these with any real incidents.
#shorts #a2motivation #a2sir #a2_sir #facts #viralvideo #shortmesikho #youtubeshorts #trendingshorts #isro #chandrayan4 #spacemission #moonlanding #spaceexploration #india #isromission #jaxa #lunarlanding #chandrayan #isrolaunch #spacetechnology
SURHAY - КУМБ
DVRST - CLOSE EYES
Special Thanks to:
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Surhay
DVRST
Налмэс
Адыгэхэр
You can watch our Relaxing Videos on our new iPhone app
Download it here: https://apps.apple.com/app/rel....axing-ambience-sleep
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We are staying at a cozy hotel in the mountains. The gentle rain and thunder is soothing us to sleep. Rain sound for sleeping is a great way to relax and beat insomnia
Equipment:
FujiFilm X-T3
Zoom H2N Handy Recorder
Created & Edited with After Effects and Premier Pro
#rain #asmr #rainsounds
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1998, Nalchik, Nord Caucase, Russie. <br />Ilana, 24 ans, travaille dans le garage de son père pour l'aider à joindre les deux bouts. <br />Un soir, la famille et les amis se réunissent pour célébrer les fiançailles de son jeune frère David. <br />Dans la nuit, David et sa fiancée sont kidnappés et une rançon réclamée. <br />Au sein de cette communauté juive repliée sur elle-même, appeler la police est exclu. <br />Comment faire pour réunir la somme nécessaire et sauver David ? <br />Ilana et ses parents, chacun à leur façon, iront au bout de leur choix, au risque de bouleverser l'équilibre familial.
Aradığınız Hertürlü Çerkes Videosunu Bulabileceğiniz tek Adres:Asalet ve Nezaketin Timsali Çerkesler
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Watch Lokomotiv Moscow v Spartak Moscow - Lokomotiv Stadium - at 13:00 - Online - Recap - Football L
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