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Weddings are all about celebration, and boy, does Janet & Oliver had a celebration on their special day! A LIT party, full of tradition.

adiges slide show

Imam Shamil was born in 1797, in the small village (aul) of Gimry, which is in current-day Dagestan, Russia. He was originally named Ali, but following local tradition, his name was changed when he became ill. His father, Dengau, was a free landlord, and this position allowed Shamil and his close friend Ghazi Mollah to study many subjects including Arabic and logic. Shamil established himself as a well-respected and educated man of Quran and Sunnah among other Muslims of the Caucasus.

Shamil was born at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding into the territories of the Ottoman Empire and Persia (see Russo-Persian War (1804-1813) and Russo-Turkish War (1806--1812)). Following the Russian invasion, many Caucasian nations united in resistance to harsh Tsarist rule in what became known as the Caucasian War. Some of the earlier leaders of Caucasian resistance were Sheikh Mansur and Ghazi Mollah. Shamil was actually childhood friends with the Mollah, and would become his disciple and counsellor.
In 1832, Ghazi Mollah died at the battle of Gimry, and Shamil was one of only two Murids to escape, but he sustained severe wounds. He went into hiding and both Russians and Murids assumed him dead. Once recovered, he emerged out of hiding and rejoined the murids, led by the third Imam, Gamzat-bek. When the latter was murdered by Hadji Murad in 1834, Shamil took his place as the premier leader of the Caucasian resistance and the third Imam of the Caucasian Imamate. In 1839 (June--August), Shamil and his followers, numbering about 4000 men, women and children, found themselves under siege in their mountain stronghold of Akhoulgo, nestled in the bend of the Andee Koisou River, about ten miles east of Gimry. This epic siege of the war lasted eighty days, resulting finally in a Russian victory. The Russians suffered about 3000 casualties in taking the stronghold, while the rebels were almost entirely slaughtered after extremely bitter fighting where typical of the war, no quarter was either asked or given. Shamil and a small party of his closest followers, including some family miraculously managed to escape down the cliffs and through the Russian siege lines during the final days at Akhoulgo. Following his escape he once again set about regaining his following and resisting the Russian occupation. Shamil was effective at uniting the many, frequently quarreling, Caucasian tribes to fight against the Russians. He made effective use of guerrilla warfare tactics and the resistance continued under his leadership until 1859. On August 25, 1859 Shamil and his family, by agreement with the Russian Czar, were guests for some days. The emperor respected him much, and his Generals also gave due respect to the Imam.

After his capture, Shamil was sent to Saint Petersburg to meet the Emperor Alexander II. Afterwards he was exiled to Kaluga, then a small town near Moscow. After several years in Kaluga he complained to the authorities about the climate and in December, 1868 Shamil received permission to move to Kiev, a commercial center of the Empire's southwest. In Kiev he was afforded a mansion in Aleksandrovskaya Street. The Imperial authorities ordered the Kiev superintendent to keep Shamil under "strict but not overly burdensome surveillance" and allotted the city a significant sum for the needs of the exile. Shamil seemed to have liked his luxurious detainment, as well as the city; this is confirmed by the letters he sent from Kiev.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imam_Shamil

Occurred on July 19, 2020 / Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia<br /><br />Info from Licensor: This amusement park ride stopped upside down.

A chronology of history of Circassian ancestors in the Caucasus starting from the beginning of history to the early years AD

links
Circassians
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circassians
Maykop culture
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maykop_culture
Dolmens of North Caucasus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D....olmens_of_North_Cauc
Maeotians
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maeotians
Bosporan Kingdom
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosporan_Kingdom
Pontic Greeks
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontic_Greeks
Sarmatians
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarmatians
Ossetians
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossetians
Cimmerians
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimmerians
Scythians
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scythians
Alans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alans
Colchis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colchis
Kaskians
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaskians
Hittites
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hittites
Sindi people
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindi_people
Toreatae
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toreatae

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BASARI HIKAYELERİ - 2 - Simha Beslaney
Adiga TV 2019

Rex and Ranger’s peaceful camping trip does not go as planned when the rest of the League tags along. Rex waits for the perfect time to talk to reveal a dark secret to Ranger while Saturn hides his relationship with Lex. Jewbot goes offline and Cooch learns that she does not do well in nature. © Sony Pictures All Rights Reserved

Filmed during the Covid-19 pandemic
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What is this project?: Do you want to know what Israelis and Palestinians really think about the conflict? Ask a question and I will get answers. All answers are from random people and all answers are included and unedited. The questions come from you, the viewers.

Why do I do this?: See the following videos where I explain the background and goal of the project https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FA2PFC7Cr10&list=PLDAzS1l-IdfE8skW527LUKpaMlbvvqdEK

Адыгэ джэгум ишапхъэхэмэ нэ1уасэ шъуафэхъунэ шъуфаемэ шъукъеблагъ.

This short video summarises the standards of the traditional Circassian Dance (Adyghe Jegu).

Francis and Claire test their new team's loyalty as the past comes home to roost in the Underwood administration.

Hayreddin Pasha (Arabic: خير الدين باشا التونسي‎, Khair al-Din Pasha al-Tunsi, c.1822-1890) was an Ottoman politician who was born to a Circassian family , and became a Grand vizier of Ottoman Tunisia then a Grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire. He was a Ottoman Tunisian political reformer during a period of growing European ascendancy. He rose to become the chief minister of the state.

Of Circassian origin, Hayreddin was born in Abkhazia into "a family of warrior notables". His father Hassan Leffch, a local chieftain, died fighting against a Russian attack on the city of Sukhum. Thereafter as a young orphan Hayreddin was sold into slavery, then still a familiar event for Circassian youth. At Istanbul, however, he was eventually traded into a prestigious household, that of the notable Tahsin Bey, a Cypriot Ottoman who was the naqib al-ashraf (head of the Prophet's descendants) and qadi al-'askar (chief judge of the army) of Anatolia, and a poet.

Tahsin Bey moved the boy to his country palace at Kanlica near the Bosporus, where he became the childhood companion of the Bey's son for a span of years. Khayr al-Din received a "first-rate education" which included the Islamic curriculum, also the Turkish language, and perhaps French; yet he was not raised as a mamluk. Following "the son's tragic premature death" Khayr al-Din was again sold, in Istanbul by Tahsin Bey to an envoy of Ahmed Bey of Tunis. This new uprooting would obviously provoke emotional turmoil in Khayr al-Din, then about 17 years old. Soon he was on board a ship bound for Africa.

Circa 1840 Hayreddin became situated at the Bardo Palace, in the court of Ahmad Bey (r.1837-1855), as a mamluk bi-l-saraya [inner palace retainer]. He resumed his high-level studies, mainly at the Bardo Military Academy (al-maktab al-Harbi) a nearby institution newly established by the bey. A key part of his education now was learning to converse in Arabic, also acquaintance with French. At the Husaynid court he abilities were soon recognized; he became favored with the attention and trust of Ahmad Bey. He rose quickly in the elite cavalry, the nucleus of the bey's new army. Moreover, during the 1840s and 1850s he was sent by the Bay on several key diplomatic missions, e.g., to the Ottoman Porte at Istanbul, which was then pursuing its Tanzimat reforms, and to European capitals, including Paris. His political career thus began auspiciously under this famously modernizing ruler.

In 1846 he accompanied the bey, as part of small staff which included the influential advisor Bin Diyaf, during a two-month state visit to France. This trip was of a special cultural and political significant in that the orthodox bey traveled for an extended stay to a non-Islamic country in order to acquire familiarity with its modern methods of operation and governance. The trip "expanded the cultural space deemed acceptable for Muslim rulers." The French took care to show France to advantage; the small Tunisian party was well received by top government officials and leading private citizens. "Having traveled beyond the land of Islam, Ahmad Bey was blessed upon his return to Tunis by the grand mufti." In 1853 Hayreddin was elevated to the highest military grade, commander of the cavalry; he also then became an aide-de-camp of the bey. Yet shortly thereafter he was sent to Paris to arrange a loan for the bey's regime, but where instead he spend four years attempting to reclaim large sums embezzled by the notable Mahmud bin 'Ayyad, former head of the newly created national bank of Tunis, who with foresight had already secured French citizenship. During his years occupied with negotiations in Paris, Hayreddin also managed to browse libraries and bookshops, to improve his French, asking many questions, and to study European society, industry, and finance.
Because of the dire financial situation caused in part by the embezzlement of bin 'Ayyad, the bey's loan did not appear prudent to Hayreddin, according to Prof. Abun-Nasr. Nonetheless, the bey had stifled most political opposition to his financial schemes by long cultivation of the urban ulama and the rural tribal leaders. Due to Hayreddin's passive resistance, however, the loan was still being negotiated when Ahmed Bey died in 1855.

In the bustle of 1919 New York City, suffragette Alice Paul is framed for murder and the Time Team partners up with legendary female crime solver Grace Humiston--AKA "Mrs. Sherlock Holmes." Together they attempt to prove Alice's innocence in time for her to give a powerful speech that turns the tide in the passage of the 19th Amendment giving women the right to vote. Back in the present, Connor Mason salvages key intel from the Rittenhouse raid.

Der Abgeordnete Peter Russo (Corey Stoll) hat nach einem verpatzten Interview alle Chancen auf das Gouverneursamt von Pennsylvania verspielt. Als er im Suff androht, über Francis Underwoods (Kevin Spacey) Machenschaften auszupacken, muss Francis zu drastischen Mitteln greifen.